Among the haul of hundreds of new planets discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope, many have qualified as super-Earths -- worlds that are several times larger than Earth, are rocky like our own, and reside in the habitable zones of their stars. But never before had scientists detected a world like Kepler-10c, a "mega-Earth" that looks a lot like home but is 17 times heavier than our planet.
When Kepler first spied this new planet, astronomers measured its diameter to be 29,000 kilometers, or about 2.3 times larger than Earth's. That would have been remarkable, but not recording-setting. However, when scientists from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) looked at Kepler-10c using the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in the Canary Islands, they measured the planet's mass and found it to be so heavy that it must be made of rocks and other dense materials.
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