The Origins of Black History Month: Carter G. Woodson’s Act to Remember, State Senator Lena Taylor, Feb 11, 2019
Topics: African Americans, Black History Month, Carl Sagan, Carter G. Woodson, Democracy, Diversity in Science, Existentialism, Women in Science
“If you can control a man's thinking you do not have to worry about his action. When you determine what a man shall think, you do not have to concern yourself about what he will do. If you make a man feel that he is inferior, you do not have to compel him to accept an inferior status, for he will seek it himself. If you make a man think that he is justly an outcast, you do not have to order him to the back door. He will go without being told; and if there is no back door, his very nature will demand one.”
― Carter G. Woodson, The Mis-Education of the Negro
A complimentary quote:
Years later, I thought about this when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States. I was 19. My American roommate was shocked by me. She asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria happened to have English as its official language. She asked if she could listen to what she called my “tribal music,” and was consequently very disappointed when I produced my tape of Mariah Carey. She assumed that I did not know how to use a stove.
What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me. Her default position toward me, as an African, was a kind of patronizing, well-meaning pity. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of catastrophe. In this single story, there was no possibility of Africans being similar to her in any way, no possibility of feelings more complex than pity, and no possibility of a connection as human equals.
So, after I had spent some years in the U.S. as an African, I began to understand my roommate’s response to me. If I had not grown up in Nigeria, and if all I knew about Africa were from popular images, I too would think that Africa was a place of beautiful landscapes, beautiful animals, and incomprehensible people, fighting senseless wars, dying of poverty and AIDS, unable to speak for themselves and waiting to be saved by a kind, white foreigner. I would see Africans in the same way that I, as a child, had seen Fide’s family.
This single story of Africa ultimately comes, I think, from Western literature. Now, here is a quote from the writing of a London merchant called John Lok, who sailed to West Africa in 1561 and kept a fascinating account of his voyage. After referring to the black Africans as “beasts who have no houses,” he writes, “They are also people without heads, having their mouth and eyes in their breasts.”
“The Danger of a Single Story,” Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Nigerian author
Dr. Woodson was a historian and founded Negro History Week which became what we now celebrate as Black or African American History Month, and the subsequent clone celebrations: "Imitation is the best form of flattery." I offer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie as a compliment to the statement that I am about to make:
In oppressive systems, History Months are not designed to appease the oppressors.
Understand Dr. Woodson wrote The Mis-Education of the Negro five years before the British Play Gas Light, followed by the 1944 film Gaslight.
Gaslighting, an elaborate and insidious technique of deception and psychological manipulation, is usually practiced by a single deceiver, or “gaslighter,” on a single victim over an extended period. Its effect is to gradually undermine the victims’ confidence in their own ability to distinguish truth from falsehood, right from wrong, or reality from appearance, thereby rendering them pathologically dependent on the gaslighters in their thinking or feelings.
As part of the process, the victims’ self-esteem is severely damaged, and they become additionally dependent on the gaslighters for emotional support and validation. In some cases the intended (and achieved) result is to rob the victims of their sanity. The phenomenon is attested in the clinical literature as a form of narcissistic abuse whereby extreme narcissists attempt to satisfy their pathological need for constant affirmation and esteem (for “narcissistic supply”) by converting vulnerable people into intellectual and emotional slaves whom the narcissists paradoxically despise for their victimhood. Because gaslighters themselves are typically psychologically disordered, they are often not fully aware of what they are doing or why they are doing it.
The word did not exist, but the behavior was definitely apparent in the country Dr. Woodson lived in, and the people who he was trying to educate so that they would have a sense of self, a sense of their power and agency, in other words: hope.
"In oppressive systems, History Months are not designed to appease the oppressors," they are designed to empower the oppressed. We lulled ourselves into thinking that the oppressors just needed knowledge of our history, hence the clone months for other ethnic groups and gender identities. The oppressed were "appealing to the better angels," of the oppressor class when they revealed that they never read the books printed, they never meant to read the books printed, and they sure didn't want the targets of their oppression reading the books printed, hence, the outright banning. In 2008, America elected its one, and so far only, black president, re-elected him in 2012, and to paraphrase professor Henry Louis Gates Jr., some so-called "white" people collectively lost their minds.
Bill Clinton, Toni Morrison's de facto black president before Barack Obama, birthed Newt Gingrich, "Contracts ON America," and government shutdowns, then, and every time the Republican Party has the Speaker's gavel. The current party took Reagan's throwaway line: "government IS the problem" and used it as marching orders, such that every elected member of the party - Tea Party, Freedom Caucus, or any other Orwellian self-title, is a de facto political terrorist. They took Lyndon Johnson's observation, and used it as a blueprint:
"If you can convince the lowest white man he's better than the best-colored man, he won't notice you're picking his pocket. [Hell], give him somebody to look down on, and he'll empty his pockets for you." Why would an oppressive system divorce itself from such a successful strategy?
Black people didn't take your place in Ivy League Universities; the LGBT, Hispanic/Latinos and immigrants didn't "take your positions" guaranteed in previous iterations of whiteness: it was your lack of preparation, lack of desire to work in arduous conditions parallel to chattel enslavement on factory farms and meat packing plants, and neoliberal policies, by both major parties that shipped jobs overseas that could have been filled by American workers that for their reasons, were never interested in college. I possess a Doctorate of Philosophy in Nanoengineering, but I was raised by a mother who's highest formal education was an Associate Degree in Practical Nursing, and a father who on paper had a sixth-grade education, though a ninth-grade and higher reading comprehension. They managed to purchase a house that they burned the mortgage around my twelfth birthday because they owned it. They lived the "American dream" when it was affordable.
The decision to ship jobs overseas, not allowing others to live that American dream, was accomplished in corporate boardrooms lacking a considerable amount of diversity, and minimal amounts of Melanin. Those same homogeneous corporate boardrooms have invested enough dark money to write laws in their favor, and sway elections, here, and abroad. There may be a small number in that boardroom not of European ancestry, but that is for optics, and you don't have to be "white" to support white supremacy. Proximity is not itself a protection or a balm to the intimation of violence.
Barack Hussein Obama - by merely existing, and the audacity of winning - inadvertently birthed the Tea Party cum Freedom Caucus cum QAnon cum the Oval Office occupant who rode birtherism to power; Lauren Boubert and Marjorie Taylor Greene, neither of whom are with the husbands they started their congressional careers with, are part of the 53% in 2016 and 2024 who voted for someone they would never let their daughters date, or bring into their homes. To white women: proximity to white male supremacy has never been a shield from its brutality. 2016 proved this country is misogynist; 2024 proved it is that and racist, because it only wants "a single story," albeit dangerous, where Abe is honest, George could not tell a lie, and the Founding Fathers gave enough wiggle-room for a lanky politician with a funny name from Illinois, like Lincoln, to rise to the presidency. As slave owners, there was no concept of their African property having citizenship, agency, or their women being other than helpless ornaments to their prestige, and power.
"In oppressive systems, History Months are not designed to appease the oppressors," they are designed to empower the oppressed.
Q: "Why don't we have 'White History Month?'"
A: Show me where the marginalized have oppressed you.
Better yet: If you want an end to all the History Months, end the oppressive systems that require their existence. Accept history for what it is, a chronicle of the triumphs and flaws of human civilization. Humans have existed on the Earth for about 300,000 years in its many iterations, and human civilization about 6,000 years, building on its understanding of the Cosmos, from philosophy, to mathematics, to physics, chemistry, and engineering. Humans who migrated from the African continent adapted to their environments, which is why the concept of "race" could not be corroborated by the Human Genome Diversity Project (which I assume under the current climate will be renamed now), and it is rightly referred to as a social construction. The Earth has existed for 4.5 billion years, so in ratio: hominids have existed for 0.01% of that period, and civilization 1.3E-4% = 0.00013%. The Earth does not need us: We need the Earth. Migration to the stars cannot happen until we evolve here.
Look again at that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every "superstar," every "supreme leader," every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived there--on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam.
The Earth is a very small stage in a vast cosmic arena. Think of the rivers of blood spilled by all those generals and emperors so that, in glory and triumph, they could become the momentary masters of a fraction of a dot. Think of the endless cruelties visited by the inhabitants of one corner of this pixel on the scarcely distinguishable inhabitants of some other corner, how frequent their misunderstandings, how eager they are to kill one another, how fervent their hatreds.
Our posturing, our imagined self-importance, the delusion that we have some privileged position in the Universe, are challenged by this point of pale light. Our planet is a lonely speck in the great enveloping cosmic dark. In our obscurity, in all this vastness, there is no hint that help will come from elsewhere to save us from ourselves.
The Earth is the only world known so far to harbor life. There is nowhere else, at least in the near future, to which our species could migrate. Visit, yes. Settle, not yet. Like it or not, for the moment the Earth is where we make our stand.
It has been said that astronomy is a humbling and character-building experience. There is perhaps no better demonstration of the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world. To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another, and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we've ever known.
— Carl Sagan, Pale Blue Dot, 1994, The Planetary Society
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