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When we look up at the night sky, space is black as far as the eye can see. Yet, when we read novels about it or watch something on TV or in the movie theater, it is white beyond all comprehension.

When watching a work of science fiction on the big or small screen, people of color often find themselves asking:

"Where did we go?"

"Did some melanin-devouring plague attack all humanity?"

"Do zombies only like the dark meat?"

But that's Hollywood. While studio executives continue to show the world's multi-hued population through its monochromatic lens, the literary field of speculative fiction has become more diverse than ever. Whether it's horror, science fiction, or fantasy, steampunk or steamfunk (and let's not forget sword and soul), writers of color are producing quality works and accumulating accolades and awards every day.

Mothership: Tales from Afrofuturism and Beyond is a speculative fiction anthology celebrating this talented field with stories focusing on people of color.

Currently, we are running a fundraising campaign on Indiegogo to support the writers who are included in the anthology (Junot Diaz, NK Jemisin, Victor LaValle, Charles R. Saunders, Nisi Shawl, and more). Please check out the campaign, help fund, and/or spread the word. Any and all help is greatly appreciated.

Mothership Support the Writers Indiegogo Campaign

http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/mothership-tales-from-afrofuturism-beyond-support-the-writer-campaign/x/3875976

Meet the Writers:

http://mothershipconnect.com/mother-authors.html

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Bill Campbell

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I love History, but especially Black Historical History, and romance, hence my reason for writing Murder on Second Street: The Jackson Ward Murders. The six part novel is set in one of the most historic Negro neighborhoods in early 20th Century America, Jackson Ward, in Richmond, VA. Here’s a look at parts I and II. In part I, “Death Comes to the Ward,” it’s October 1, 1929. The body of Annie Hilks is found floating in the James River in Richmond, VA. The police don't pay much attention to it; it's just another Negro woman who probably took her own life. But within two weeks, the bodies of three more Negro women are found in various locations throughout Jackson Ward, a prominent Negro community in the City. This is bad for business, and with no other choice left to them, the community reaches out to the battle scarred Sy Sanford to solve the murders. Sy has three BIG problems: he's returned from the Great War with haunting nightmares, he blacks out periodically from drinking and he's in love with his beautiful, but physically abused married secretary, Lena Johnson. Reluctantly, Sy takes the case because, well, he needs the money. In part II, "The Dogwoods,” it's two weeks into October 1929, and the bodies of four more Negro women have been found in various locations throughout Jackson Ward . Sy Sanford is now on the trail of a very clever and unusual killer, but his illegal drinking habit and horrid nightmares of the battlefields of France may get in the way of saving his business, the love of his life and another Negro woman from being murdered. Death, love and History collide during the season of the dogwoods in part II of this six part novel, Murder on Second Street: The Jackson Ward Murders.” Catch up with all the drama and romance! Grab your e-book for Kindle at http://www.amazon.com/Murder-Second-Street-Jackson-ebook/dp/B00D9X5T6A/ref=pd_rhf_se_p_img_2_SC92.

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Dimple BEC...

The dimple trap in action - PW

The first Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) to be cooled using just lasers has been made by a team in Austria. The process is much simpler, faster and more efficient than previous methods, which involve an extra stage of evaporative cooling. The scientists hope that their breakthrough will lead to more widespread use of BECs in various areas of physics, including atomic clocks and atom lasers.

 

A BEC is a dense cluster of atoms cooled so close to absolute zero that all of the atoms are in a single quantum state and can therefore be described by the same wavefunction. The first pure BEC was made in 1995 by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman at JILA in Boulder, Colorado. Since then, BECs have been used – or proposed for use – to create atom circuits, rotation sensors, atom lasers and other novel devices.

 

Making a BEC traditionally involves the two-step cooling of a cloud of atoms contained in a magnetic trap. The first step is laser cooling. It involves choosing an electronic transition of the atom to be cooled and irradiating the atom cloud with laser light of an energy slightly below this transition. For the most energetic atoms trying to climb out of the trap, the laser light is blue-shifted to the transition frequency. These atoms can therefore absorb a photon, which pushes them back. It also promotes the atoms into the excited state. When the atom decays back to the ground state, it emits a photon of a higher energy than the one it absorbed. The overall effect is that the gas cools and becomes denser.

 

Physics World: Laser-cooled Bose-Einstein condensate is a first

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Bench Warmers...

Credit: Unidentified Appellation

bench warmer is the last thing any high school or college athlete ever wants to be. The person that "shows up"; always there; parents in the audience steaming because their kid didn't get any play on the court or field. Resentful when time is finally granted, they typically become a self-fulfilling prophesy of disaster, and promptly sat back down to sulk the rest of the game/season.

We can't afford that now, nor could we ever.

Our technological innovation is screaming past us literally at light speed. We're demanding faster, cheaper, more apps meaning smaller physical features in Silicon: FinFETs, Carbon Nanotubes - pushing towards and beyond the Moore's Law limit - needing less humans to design or manufacture it. Or at least, less of them in the USA. We need a real debate on these issues; not delay/stalling tactics that in a real game bore to tears, and everyone in the crowd goes home (accept the frustrated parents). No wonder congressional approval is slightly above snail sweat. Getting ye old standardized test scores up - "teaching to the test" ("we don't do that") is insane when all the other industrialized nations whipping our collective assets (as we sit on them) aren't doing it quite that way.

Socially, technologically we can't be bench warmers. As we go, so does the world. If the issue is employment hovering at 7 - 7.5% here, it's only exacerbated in other countries trying to "follow our lead." The season I used metaphorically is our current condition globally, our definitions of "unemployment" and none for "under-employment," or what "full employment" looks like going forward; our continuance of a moribund stratification and unequal social and educational system straight from 1953; our collective shoulder-shrug that other countries are coming on the academic court and running the boards on us.

And for the countries that are imitating us, they too, can't afford bench warmers...

Patrick Mylund Nielson: Our Technological Adolescence
OECD: Indicators 2012
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A Golden Age...


From the site: NSBP member, Dr. Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, and colleagues discuss whether or not astronomy is in a golden age with Nobel Laureates Brian Schmidt and John Mather

 

From Wikipedia: The term Golden Age (Greek: Χρυσόν Γένος Chryson Genos) comes from Greek mythology and legend and refers to the first in a sequence of four or five (or more) Ages of Man, in which the Golden Age is first, followed in sequence, by the Silver, Bronze, Heroic, and then the present (Iron), which is a period of decline. By extension "Golden Age" denotes a period of primordial peace, harmony, stability, and prosperity. During this age peace and harmony prevailed, humans did not have to work to feed themselves, for the earth provided food in abundance. They lived to a very old age with a youthful appearance, eventually dying peacefully, with spirits living on as "guardians". Plato in Cratylus (397 e) recounts the golden race of humans who came first. He clarifies that Hesiod did not mean literally made of gold, but good and noble.

 

"Good and noble"...I wonder.

 

I'm not faulting the lecturers nor the audience. For there to be an actual "golden age" as has been defined in several cultural references, there needs to be a recognition of the impact of astronomy as the mother science; it is the oldest form of asking the question why and seeking answers. A primitive form of it is what guided the Magi; our reptilian brains, so conditioned to not accept things "new"; authoritarians threatened by concepts that would challenge their rule typically control public opinion on the emphasis, conclusions or the truth research reveals.

 

I'm still waiting for the Vatican to clear this little matter up. Not Catholic, it just quite understandably bothers me...

 

Galileo's indictment (still in effect):

1. The proposition that the sun is in the center of the world and immovable from its place is absurd, philosophically false, and formally heretical; because it is expressly contrary to Holy Scripture.

2. The proposition that the earth is not the center of the world, nor immovable, but that it moves, and also with a diurnal action, is also absurd, philosophically false, and, theologically considered, at least erroneous in faith.

 

Therefore ..., invoking the most holy name of our Lord Jesus Christ and His Most Glorious Mother Mary, We pronounce this Our final sentence: We pronounce, judge and declare, that you, the said Galileo ... have rendered yourself vehemently suspected by this Holy Office of heresy, that is, of having believed and held the doctrine (which is false and contrary to the Holy and Divine Scriptures) that the sun is the center of the world, and that it does not move from east to west, and that the earth does move, and is not the center of the world; also, that an opinion can be held and supported as probable, after it has been declared and finally decreed contrary to the Holy Scripture.

 

"...Science is a reliable method for creating knowledge, and thus power...science constantly disrupts hierarchical power structures and vested interests in a long drive [by science] to give knowledge, and thus power, to the individual, and that process is also political."

 

Fool Me Twice - Fighting the Assault on Science in America, Shawn Lawrence Otto

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Amazing illustration by Tina KrugerThere have been some great discussion on this topic since Childrens book council came out with some startling stats on the subject. Like this article by Lee and Low Books and this short on NPR. Weigh on yall. There are the obvious points, but who is leading the charge in changing this?

-Robert Trujillo

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Relativity Speaking...

Science Universe blog

Einstein is lauded for Special and General Relativity, but he stood on the shoulders of giants before him: Sir Isaac Newton, James Clerk Maxwell, Albert Abraham Michelson and Edward Williams Morley; Minkowski, Joseph Larmor, Hendrick Antoon Lorentz and Jules Henri Poincaré.

1898

Jules Henri Poincaré said that "... we have no direct intuition about the equality of two time intervals."

1904

Poincaré came very close to special relativity: "... as demanded by the relativity principle the observer cannot know whether he is at rest or in absolute motion."

1905

On June 5, Poincaré finished an article in which he stated that there seems to be a general law of Nature, that it is impossible to demonstrate absolute motion. On June 30, Einstein finished his famous article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, where he formulated the two postulates of special relativity. Furthermore, in September, Einstein published the short article Does the Inertia of a Body Depend upon Its Energy-Content? In which he derived the formula E0=mc2.

1905 being Einstein's annus mirabilis (Latin: Year of Wonders), which contributed to his considerable celebrity and our understanding of the universe.

Forgive the history lesson. In other areas of my life, I run into what I like to term "walls of willed ignorance," especially when I'm cornered in a social setting as "the science guy" on a question I'm sincerely not thinking about at the particular moment, or at least can't recall as quickly as "The Google": literally a Hail Mary out of "left field." (Clarification: the question was about quantum mechanics, but I decided to go here 1st - more next Sunday.) I do know when to call BS on persons that merely want to hear themselves pontificate and perform, versus inform. Thus, here is my info for the "walls" and their next spellbinding performance...

Nobel Prize: History of Special Relativity
Physics arXiv: Henri Poincaré and Relativity Theory, by A. A. Logunov

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Orca...

Organizational Relationship and Contact Analyzer - ORCA

TECHNOLOGY REVIEW: In the last 10 years or so, researchers have revolutionised the way military analysts think about insurgency and the groups of people involved in it. Their key insight is that insurgency tends to run in families and in social networks that are held together by common beliefs.



So it makes sense to study the social networks that insurgents form. And indeed that’s exactly what various military analysts have begun to do, including those in the US Army. A few years ago, a group of West Point cadets and offices developed some software for gathering information about the links between the people who make and distribute improvised explosive devices.



Now the US Army is adapting this technology to help the police tackle gang violence. Damon Paulo and buddies at the US Military Academy at West Point say there are a number of similarities between gang members and insurgents and that similar tools ought to be equally effective in tackling both.



To that end, these guys have created a piece of software called the Organizational, Relationship, and Contact Analyzer or ORCA, which analyses the data from police arrests to create a social network of links between gang members.

Realizing this evolution in technology was inevitable, some of what else the article said disturbed me:

“Police officers working in the district have told us that gangs of Racial Group A are known for a more centralized organizational structure while gangs of Racial Group B have adopted a decentralized model,” say Paulo and co adding that the results of their analysis seem to clearly show this.

The team is currently working to introduce a software in a major metropolitan police department throughout the summer of 2013.

Read that as: New York City, and a "scientific reason" for the continuance of "stop and frisk" and profiling...

Physics arXiv:
How Military Counterinsurgency Software Is Being Adapted To Tackle Gang Violence in Mainland USA
Related link: StreetGangs.com

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Hawking...


At 2:05 of the trailer, you'll see the words: "behind the world's greatest mind."

Granted, I'm looking forward to this documentary as any geeked physics major would be. I do take some pause to the trailer coining Professor Hawking the title of "greatest mind." He is a great mind, to be sure. The whole "G.O.A.T." thing is a bit of hyperbole to me.

He's overcome quite a lot of obstacles in his harried life, one of which is the shear act of living beyond the original expectations of his lifespan shortened by his disability.

He shows the famous British resolve: "stiff upper lip" determination. I did read "A Brief History of Time" and enjoyed it. I am familiar with the following I saw on Wikipedia:

"Among his significant scientific works have been a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularities theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. Hawking was the first to set forth a cosmology explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He is a vocal supporter of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.



"He is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. Hawking was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge between 1979 and 2009."

 

He had a great science fiction series and several other shows on the Science Channel I enjoyed. Dr. Hawking has lost some scientific wagers though: with Kip Thorne; a "black hole war" with Leonard Susskind and Gerard t'Hooft; most recently with Peter Higgs (of the Higgs Boson).


Professor Hawking is a remarkable man, but still a man, therefore fallible as we all are. To put him on a pedestal does him a disservice, and makes the attainment of a degree in physics or STEM fields the area that is "off limits"; "not normal"; "beyond human capability." I assure you it is not, and as a species, we should get out of boxing ourselves into the "us-versus-them": normals and nerds. Hence my objection to the trailer is in trying to get you to look at it...many may sadly look away.

This is a strange, dichotomous post after Independence Day. I sincerely hope you enjoyed BBQ in moderation and fireworks safely.

I'll still enjoy the documentary, as I hope you do too, mentally filtering hyperbole.
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Nobel...



Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer. He was the inventor of dynamite. Nobel also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannon and other armaments. Nobel held 350 different patents, dynamite being the most famous. He used his fortune to posthumously institute the Nobel Prizes. The synthetic element nobelium was named after him. His name also survives in modern-day companies such as Dynamit Nobel and Akzo Nobel, which are descendants of the companies Nobel himself established...In 1888 Alfred's brother Ludvig died while visiting Cannes and a French newspaper erroneously published Alfred's obituary.[1] It condemned him for his invention of dynamite and is said to have brought about his decision to leave a better legacy after his death.[1][8] The obituary stated, Le marchand de la mort est mort ("The merchant of death is dead")[1] and went on to say, "Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday."[9] Alfred was disappointed with what he read and concerned with how he would be remembered.

 

On 27 November 1895, at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Nobel signed his last will and testament and set aside the bulk of his estate to establish the Nobel Prizes, to be awarded annually without distinction of nationality. Wikipedia

The actual web site for the Nobel Prize appears to be down at the moment...


As I walked into the fab I work at, I heard the sound of firecrackers in the distance. Granted, they predate Alfred by several centuries, but the loud banging, the revelry will ensue again tomorrow as I come into work. There is a relation to Nobel, this posting and the 4th.

No one is going to use dynamite thankfully (unless earnestly competing for the Darwin Awards), but in 2011 an estimated 9,600 people were injured by firecrackers according to the Consumer Products Safety Division; some far worse than just injury.

 

Worry not only how you will be remembered, but how you will proceed through life until its end. Personally, I want to check out with the same digits and body parts I checked in with (a little worse for the wear, understandably).

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At long last....

It's been a long time coming but amidst economic meltdowns, personal health issues, family tragedies and the everyday fight to stay the course working in the field I love most, the sequel to 'The Gray Man' is complete! Hard to believe I was halfway through writing the initial draft when family tragedy and my work in film & TV production took off at the same time back in 2006.

I finished the first draft in 2010 despite everything happening (most of it bad!) I finally got the edits done last year and have been fighting tooth and nail to get the cover art done. After a (very) short break, it's off to the publisher and let the 'promotional games' begin!

If all that weren't enough (obviously it isn't), I've got several projects ongoing including one which is a collaborative work with some authors well known (and loved) here at the BSFS! So while I'm getting the new season of 'The Priestess' ready to go this month, I'll be working on a new television extreme sports show and prepping to make another movie (way overdue for that!) In the meantime, ETP (estimated time of publishing) for 'Book of Dragon's Teeth' is late July or early August. For you fans of TFLR, you have my sincerest apologies for the long wait!

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Quantum Remote Control...

...and, physicists know how to do it! ~!!!~



TECHNOLOGY REVIEW: Teleportation is one of the more extraordinary phenomena in the quantum world. It allows a quantum object, such as a photon or electron, to travel from one location to another without passing through the space in between.



Teleportation is a standard procedure in any decent quantum mechanics laboratory. Physicists use it on a daily basis for quantum communication and quantum computation.



If that sounds exotic, you ain’t seen nothing yet; teleportation is about to get a whole lot weirder. That’s because until now, physicists have only been able to teleport single particles, one at a time. Today, Christine Muschik at the Mediterranean Technology Park in Barcelona and a bunch of mates say they’ve worked out how to teleport quantum stuff continuously.



That will allow them to manipulate one quantum particle while watching the effects occur in another particle elsewhere. That’s essentially quantum remote control.

 

Physics arXiv:
Quantum Teleportation of Dynamics and Effective Interations between Remote Systems

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TSOM...

These three-dimensional tri-gate (FinFET) transistors are among the 3-D microchip structures that could be measured using through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) - Courtesy, Intel Corporation

Contact: Chad Boutin

301-975-4261



A technique developed several years ago at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for improving optical microscopes now has been applied to monitoring the next generation of computer chip circuit components, potentially providing the semiconductor industry with a crucial tool for improving chips for the next decade or more.



The technique, called Through-Focus Scanning Optical Microscopy (TSOM), has now been shown able to detect tiny differences in the three-dimensional shapes of circuit components, which until very recently have been essentially two-dimensional objects. TSOM is sensitive to features that are as small as 10 nanometers (nm) across, perhaps smaller—addressing some important industry measurement challenges for the near future for manufacturing process control and helping maintain the viability of optical microscopy in electronics manufacturing.

 

NIST:
Microscopy Technique Could Help Computer Industry Develop 3-D Components

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A Nobel Twofer...

A Student’s Guide to Einstein’s Major Papers, Robert E. Kennedy, Oxford U. Press, New York, 2012. $45.00 (296 pp.). ISBN 978-0-19-969403-7



Physics professors often refer to Albert Einstein’s work when teaching relativity, quantum mechanics, or statistical mechanics. I have never given his original papers to my students to supplement their learning, but that will change. I appreciate the importance of having undergraduates read classic and original physics literature, and I have tried to inspire my experimental physics students by assigning Albert Michelson’s 1880 description of his measurement of the speed of light or Robert Millikan’s 1911 oil-drop paper. I have egged the students on to try and do better than Michelson or Millikan using modern technology.



Some of Einstein’s classic papers could also motivate undergraduates, if the physics were fully explained. For instructors who choose to expose their students to Einstein’s scientific articles, Robert E. Kennedy’s A Student’s Guide to Einstein’s Major Papers will be a welcome supplement. Kennedy focuses on Einstein’s four classic papers published in the annus mirabilis of 1905, his doctoral thesis (published in 1906), and his 1916 general relativity paper.

 

Lectures on Quantum Mechanics, Steven Weinberg, Cambridge U. Press, New York, 2013. $75.00 (358 pp.). ISBN: 978-1-107-02872-2



Steven Weinberg, a Nobel laureate for his contributions to the standard model of elementary particles, has a well-deserved reputation as a writer who draws on great depths of physical insight to produce exceptionally clear prose. Until now, his books have been intended either for a general or advanced audience. For general readers, his books include The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe (Basic Books, 1977) and Lake Views: This World and the Universe (Harvard University Press, 2010). For advanced readers, he has written Gravitation and Cosmology (Wiley, 1972), the three-volume Quantum Theory of Fields (Cambridge University Press, 2000), and Cosmology (Oxford University Press, 2008).



Weinberg now turns his attention to a core subject in physics with Lectures on Quantum Mechanics, a text based on a year-long course he has taught to first-year graduate students. The book begins with a 27-page “Historical Introduction” that concisely and elegantly summarizes the development of quantum physics, including an explication of Werner Heisenberg’s matrix mechanics and its equivalence to Erwin Schrödinger’s wave mechanics. We also find some little-known historical tidbits, such as who coined the word “photon.”

Celebrities, sports stars...bah. I have an autographed copy of "The First Three Minutes" (hardcover) and met Professor Weinberg. Nope...not parting with it. You won't find it on E-bay. Willing it to my heirs...Smiley
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PRODIGAL WEBISIZED

So, I write comicns, among other things. One of them is a property called PRODIGAL i make with my partner, artist TODD HARRIS, and the nice folks at thrillbent.com asked us if we wouldnt mind bringing over to their site for publication.

Since those nice folks are Mark Waid and John Rogers, we said, "Yes! Absolutely!"

What does that mean to you?

It means as of today, and every monday for the next few weeks, you can read chapters of the first PRODIGAL adventure, EGG OFF FIRST LIGHT, absolutely free.

FREE, damn it!

Here's the embed but, after this, you'll need to come by our site, GENRE19.COM or by the THRILLBENT site where you'll find lots more amazing free comics.

That's right, free. And not by wannabes and amateurs, either. The goods.

Here's the first part, as promised. You will enjoy. Guaranteed.

<iframe src="http://thrillbent.com/embed/7943/0/" width="633" height="660" scrolling="no" seamless></iframe>

PRODIGAL Part 1

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NEXT...

Ion propulsion drive - NASA

CLEVELAND - A NASA advanced ion propulsion engine has successfully operated for more than 48,000 hours, or 5 and a half years, making it the longest test duration of any type of space propulsion system demonstration project ever.

 

The thruster was developed under NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster (NEXT) Project at NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland. Glenn manufactured the test engine's core ionization chamber. Aerojet Rocketdyne of Sacramento, Calif., designed and built the ion acceleration assembly.

 

The 7-kilowatt class thruster could be used in a wide range of science missions, including deep space missions identified in NASA's Planetary Science Decadal Survey.


This is a gridded electrostatic ion thruster, so it uses the Coulomb force to accelerate the Xenon ions in the direction of the electrostatic field. OK, it's not Warp Drive, but they are working on that too. Chemical rockets will not allow us to even explore the solar system in reasonable time spans, and we're too consumed with immediate gradification/ROI (return on investment) to stomach missions that could take months, decades or centuries - those being one-way trips obviously.

 

NASA: NASA Thruster Achieves World-Record 5+ Years of Operation

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It's July 1st, and that means, part II of Murder on Second Street is now available for purchase (E-book only). Here's the synopsis for "The Dogwoods": "It's two weeks into October 1929, and the bodies of four Negro women have been found in various locations throughout the thriving Negro community of Jackson Ward in Richmond, VA. WWI veteran Sy Sanford is now on the trail of a very clever and unusual killer, but his illegal drinking habit and horrid nightmares of the battlefields of France may get in the way of saving his business, the love of his life and another Negro woman from being murdered. Death, love and History collide during the season of the dogwoods in part II of this six part novel, Murder on Second Street: The Jackson Ward Murders." Order your copy today and one for a friend for just $1.99 at http://www.amazon.com/dp/B00DQAADEY.

Thank you for supporting Black Historical Fiction.

Rebekah

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Why Physics...



Honestly for myself, it was a challenge and the hardest thing "on the yard" I could think to study. It was an excuse as a young man to dress strangely, taking full advantage of the "socially inept Nerd" myth - walking around in an Army field jacket and a floppy yellow hat (I sadly still own) - and construct a wall between myself and others. I can see where that was off-putting and not helpful in getting more to at least have an appreciation for science. My mea culpa.

Physics requires a curiosity about how things work: I initially and admittedly, don't or won't know an answer (s), and through trial and a lot of error, I'll eventually figure out whatever is the problem. (That didn't work out too well for a few watches and clocks my parents owned.) Hence, buying me chemistry sets, a microscope, telescope and a toolkit was their way to channel my otherwise destructive impulses into something creative and less property-damaging!

It requires persistence, and frankly a kind of mental fortitude in that it's OK not to know the answer: it's having the courage to ask the question and pursue what might be initially fruitless paths. The lab notebook is your friend! I am in no way dismissing the fear people feel when they come up to a formidable task (or, at least one they feel is). If this blog does anything, I hope it encourages you to ask questions. Life is not pre-packaged with the contents known. We may never have all the answers, but we should not fear - nor be discouraged by bullies or authoritarian dogma - from asking questions.

I think for many, especially women and minorities, the "norms" of behavior are channeled early into other areas more acceptable to the social order and less threatening to the status quo: questions imply opposition.

As a whole, the American culture of phone apps, Google, downloads, microwave meals and popcorn, drive through restaurants and instant, 24-hour access to information has jaded our sense of adventure; the Romanticism of a really tough problem and the sheer JOY of solving it. Ironically, it was advances in applied physics that allow us to be so jaded. However, for those whom the adventure is everyday in the lab, pouring over notebooks and papers, staring at experiments, computer programs, circuit boards or stars, it's what keeps physicists, scientists and engineers up at night: their love affair with knowledge and discovery. It is how we all advance and survive as a species.

And, things are looking particularly good for physics students right now...

Smiley

American Institute of Physics: US Physics Degrees Reach an All-Time High
American Physical Society: Why Study Physics?

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