"The Pointsman Foundation is a not-for-profit 501c(3) organization headquartered in Austin, Texas. Its mission includes the advancement of production and use of stable isotopes and radioisotopes for medical treatments, diagnostics, and research using the patented Magnetically Activated and Guided Isotope Separation (“MAGIS”) process developed by Mark Raizen, Ph.D. (University of Texas at Austin).
"The Pointsman Foundation’s ultimate goal is to make lifesaving therapies available to the global medical community by reducing the currently prohibitive costs of the underlying isotopes. While the MAGIS process has been successfully demonstrated in a lab using Lithium isotopes, additional research and development is now required to produce useful quantities of the most needed isotopes."
Pointsman is now on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PointsmanFoundation/. Please like, follow and share. Some of its important work may likely impact you personally, either yourself or a loved one dealing with medical situations where science can really help. Here's a plethora of Pointsman news posts - GOOD news posts for a change, the first on cancer therapy (with absolutely no "alternative facts").
My parents were both affected by cancer - my father succumbed to lung cancer in '99. My mother was a breast cancer survivor. She eventually expired in 2009. Surviving loved ones are also affected: survivors' guilt, warm memories and the awkward posture of earth and your own height separating you from those entombed memories. All tools to extend life should be exploited while you still have time, hugs, memories and "I love yous." It's the best part about being human that makes the pursuit of scientific medical miracles - a pursuit of wonder - in this season worth the effort.
"The most wonderful part of Hanukkah is family and friends. May your season be full of wonder!"Greeting Card Messages dot com
“We all have a thirst for wonder. It's a deeply human quality. Science and religion are both bound up with it. What I'm saying is, you don't have to make stories up, you don't have to exaggerate. There's wonder and awe enough in the real world. Nature's a lot better at inventing wonders than we are.” Carl Sagan, Contact, Good Reads
A Kyoto University-based team has unraveled the mystery of gamma-ray emission cascades caused by lightning strikes. Credit: Kyoto University/Teruaki Enoto
Topics: Modern Physics, Particle Physics, Research, Weather
A storm system approaches: the sky darkens, and the low rumble of thunder echoes from the horizon. Then without warning... Flash! Crash!—lightning has struck.
This scene, while familiar to anyone and repeated constantly across the planet, is not without a feeling of mystery. But now that mystery has deepened, with the discovery that lightning can result in matter-antimatter annihilation.
In a collaborative study appearing in Nature, researchers from Japan describe how gamma rays from lightning react with the air to produce radioisotopes and even positrons—the antimatter equivalent of electrons.
"We already knew that thunderclouds and lightning emit gamma rays, and hypothesized that they would react in some way with the nuclei of environmental elements in the atmosphere," explains Teruaki Enoto from Kyoto University, who leads the project.
World War I (WWI) is an influential occurrence that had a great impact in the social, economic and political environment of the United States of America. However, as I was writing for one essay writing service, understanding these impacts also requires an analysis of the period preceding this war. Between 1905 and 1915, America relied on the debts they collected from the international capital markets.[1] Politically, the country adopted an isolationist foreign policy so as to conquer other countries such as Cuba and the Philippines. Socially, the country had good relations with Europe but it remained feared by other countries. These situations changed after the war. This paper analyses the social, political and economic situations in America after WWI showing that the war had both negative and positive effects in the development of America.
The high costs of the war, inflation and the lack of employment after the war hampered economic growth in America. Between the years of 1914 and 1918, America had come out of an economic recession and was experiencing a boom.[2] However, high rates of inflation increased taxes for new manufacturing firms.[3] They had to lay off numerous employees and this was a problem considering that there was high immigration and most of the soldiers were back to their homeland seeking employment. In addition o this, manufacturing firms suffered losses because of the creation of Labor Unions.[4] Employees had a right to hold industrial strikes and this hampered production in the numerous companies. The economic situation in America after the war was disheartening.
[1] John Broesamle and Anthony Arthur. Clashes of will: Great confrontations that have shaped modern America. (Chicago: Pearson, 2004), chapter 6.
The name Vantablack® stands for Vertically Aligned Nanotube Array black.
Vantablack is a free-space coating consisting of a 'forest' of aligned and equally spaced, high aspect-ratio carbon nanotubes (CNTs).
The CNT array is patterned and spaced to allow photons to enter. Most of the light, or radiation arriving at the surface enters the space between the CNTs, and is repeatedly reflected between tubes until it is absorbed and converted to heat. This heat (largely undetectable in most applications) is conducted to the substrate and dissipated. The Vantablack array is very largely free-space; the volume of CNTs only makes up about 0.05% of the coating. Consequently, only a minuscule proportion of the incident radiation is able to hit the tip of a CNT, explaining why such a small amount is reflected back to the observer.
UV, Visible and IR absorption - Absorption works from UV (200-350 nm wavelength), through the visible (350-700nm) and into the far infrared (>16 microns) spectrum, with no spectral features.
Very high front to back thermal conduction - excellent for Black Body calibration sources
Super hydrophobic - Unlike other black coatings, water has no impact on the optical properties
Very high thermal shock resistance - Repeatedly plunging a Vantablack coated substrate into liquid Nitrogen at -196°C and then transferring to a 300°C hot plate in air does not affect its properties.
Resistant to extreme shock and vibration - Independently tested, Vantablack has been subjected to severe shocks and vibration simulating launch and staging.
Schematic of the experimental setup. (A) Heat flows from the hot to the cold spin (at thermal contact) when both are initially uncorrelated. This corresponds to the standard thermodynamic arrow of time. For initially quantum correlated spins, heat is spontaneously transferred from the cold to the hot spin. The arrow of time is here reversed. (B) View of the magnetometer used in our NMR experiment. A superconducting magnet, producing a high intensity magnetic field (B0) in the longitudinal direction, is immersed in a thermally shielded vessel in liquid He, surrounded by liquid N in another vacuum separated chamber. The sample is placed at the center of the magnet within the radio frequency coil of the probe head inside a 5mm glass tube. (C) Experimental pulse sequence for the partial thermalization process. The blue (red) circle represents x (y) rotations by the indicated angle. The orange connections represents a free evolution under the scalar coupling, HJHC = (πh/2)JσzHσzC , between the 1H and 13C nuclear spins during the time indicated above the symbol. We have performed 22 samplings of the interaction time τ in the interval 0 to 2.32 ms. Credit: arXiv:1711.03323 [quant-ph]
Topics: Entropy, Spacetime, Thermodynamics
Abstract
The second law permits the prediction of the direction of natural processes, thus defining a thermodynamic arrow of time. However, standard thermodynamics presupposes the absence of initial correlations between interacting systems. We here experimentally demonstrate the reversal of the arrow of time for two initially quantum correlated spins-1/2, prepared in local thermal states at different temperatures, employing a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance setup. We observe a spontaneous heat flow from the cold to the hot system. This process is enabled by a trade off between correlations and entropy that we quantify with information-theoretical quantities.
The second law of thermodynamics says that entropy, or disorder, tends to increase over time, which is why everything in the world around us appears to unfold forward in time. But it also explains why hot tea grows cold rather than hot. In this new effort, the researchers found an exception to this rule that works in a way that doesn't violate the rules of physics as they have been defined.
The idea of entangled particles has been in the news a lot lately as researchers around the world attempt to use it for various purposes—but there is another lesser-known property of particles that is similar in nature, but slightly different. It is when particles become correlated, which means they become linked in ways that do not happen in the larger world. Like entanglement, correlated particles share information, though it is not as strong of a bond. In this new experiment, the researchers used this property to change the direction of the arrow of time.
Reversing the thermodynamic arrow of time using quantum correlationsKaonan Micadei,1, ∗ John P. S. Peterson,2, ∗ Alexandre M. Souza,2 Roberto S. Sarthour,2 Ivan S. Oliveira,2 Gabriel T. Landi,3 Tiago B. Batalhão,4, 5 Roberto M. Serra,1, 6, † and Eric Lutz7, ‡Physics arXiv
Assuredly climate change has something to do with the California fires, but TIME lists it last as one of a number of causes; CNN says "we don't know," but mention several factors like the Santa Ana winds that can spread it in the years-long dry conditions that preceded this tragedy. There's a tendency to leap to the "aha" and go with what happens to be the proclivities of your particular tribal group. Unfortunately, these tend to be the ones that appreciate and understand science, and those that consider it something to fear when it challenges the other tribe's dogma.
We've had fires with lightening strikes since humanity was comprised of hunter-gatherer migrating groups. We've had fires with the advent of agriculture, cities and civilization. What matters is whether we believe in a collective effort to write policies that will protect life and property - now derisively known as government, that some in the human tribe run for, then put themselves in a position to thwart any solutions from it. "Pluck" alone will not solve our problems. We lack, as I've said on posts previous to this one, a depth of understanding in the following:
Civics - the study of the rights and duties of citizens and of how government works,
Epistemology - Defined narrowly, epistemology is the study of knowledge and justified belief. As the study of knowledge, epistemology is concerned with the following questions: What are the necessary and sufficient conditions of knowledge? What are its sources? What is its structure, and what are its limits? As the study of justified belief, epistemology aims to answer questions such as: How we are to understand the concept of justification? What makes justified beliefs justified? Is justification internal or external to one's own mind? Understood more broadly, epistemology is about issues having to do with the creation and dissemination of knowledge in particular areas of inquiry.
Science - a systematic and logical approach to discovering how things in the universe work. It is also the body of knowledge accumulated through the discoveries about all the things in the universe.
The word "science" is derived from the Latin word scientia, which is knowledge based on demonstrable and reproducible data, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. True to this definition, science aims for measurable results through testing and analysis. Science is based on fact, not opinion or preferences.
Scientific Method - When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory.
The steps of the scientific method go something like this:
1. Make an observation or observations.
2. Ask questions about the observations and gather information.
3. Form a hypothesis — a tentative description of what's been observed, and make predictions based on that hypothesis.
4. Test the hypothesis and predictions in an experiment that can be reproduced.
5. Analyze the data and draw conclusions; accept or reject the hypothesis or modify the hypothesis if necessary.
6. Reproduce the experiment until there are no discrepancies between observations and theory. "
Science along with its subset engineering deals in the natural sciences, i.e. those things that relate to nature or phenomena that can be observed, defined, measured, calculated, or quantized (quantum mechanics I'm alluding to here). Once the subject goes into the supernatural, whatever the argument, it is no longer science.
That does not mean science is incompatible with wonder:
“Science is not only compatible with spirituality; it is a profound source of spirituality. When we recognize our place in an immensity of light‐years and in the passage of ages, when we grasp the intricacy, beauty, and subtlety of life, then that soaring feeling, that sense of elation and humility combined, is surely spiritual. So are our emotions in the presence of great art or music or literature, or acts of exemplary selfless courage such as those of Mohandas Gandhi or Martin Luther King, Jr. The notion that science and spirituality are somehow mutually exclusive does a disservice to both.”
Thomas Jefferson fashioned our federal republic after Sir Isaac Newton, Sir Francis Bacon and Sir John Locke—the creators of physics, inductive reasoning and empiricism. We have to decide as a species what path we're going to follow - belief or rationality. One is a function of culture, and a source of comfort to many in particular groups; the other the natural outcome of our previous hunter-gatherer ancestors. It is a matter of survival. It would be culturally arrogant and supremely stupid to consider after 5 mass extinction events, we could not hurry the next one. As matter-of-fact, we're within and on track for the sixth. It is a dark poetry that lead (Pb) in-then modern plumbing had previously been suspected as ending the world empire of Rome (it didn't). The current one appears being scuttled by enabled Silicon transistors, transmitting 140 (now 280) characters. Little did we know our future epitaph - that will be unearthed by any curious alien archaeologists, assuming they will have survived their own intelligence Entropy for deep space travel - is being written in this daily inanity of "alternative facts."
High octane machines at heroic velocities screaming through a desert future of sand, crime, hate, and power! Join the best zero friction pilots in the world for a non-stop thrill ride!
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Posted by Turtel Onli on December 4, 2017 at 8:00am
Now that that stupid "Post Black " nonsense is over you are free to buy and cherish openly ONLI STUDIOS' Black Age indie products. Along with other indie published products. From so many emerging kick ass indie operations.
Your best effort against the rising tide of Trumpism is to forever break the "Black on Black Boycott. This is when Blacks use any reason to not do legal commerce with other legal Blacks.
Like the Blerds, too smart to really be "Black"........yet fans of all things Animee and Manga. Or like the Slaves of the Mainstream instead of supporting their dreams which we express proudly in awesome products.12576281_10153157815212315_1012580417_n.jpg
I get this thing in my email each week giving me updates on my author page. Everything was as normal as ever except for one note. 238 people have shared my blog in the last week.
238 complete strangers. I don't know if I'm finally getting fans or am being investigated by Homeland Security.
Finals are scheduled next week, so this will be my second announced break before my final year-end break during Christmas-Hanuka-Holidays-Kwanzaa-Saturnalia et al, etc. A few thoughts in alphabetical order:
Alabama
Birmingham had the euphemism "Bombing-ham" during the spate of 50 dynamite attacks of domestic terrorism that eventually killed 4 black girls at the 16th Street Baptist Church in 1963. It is no causal observation in this special election power, pedophilia and white supremacy seem the only family values that apparently matter. It also shows the Klan who performed this terrorist act are more revered than the lawyer who held them accountable. I gave $25 to the guy our racist Twitter-in-chief said was "weak" on crime. We'll either find out if the state of "thicket-clearers" is either a sane political actor, or a morally failed one.
When you re-tweet a right-wing racist Britain group that BRITAIN says is right wing and racist - on the heels of calling tiki torch carrying, small penis Neo-Nazis in Charlottesville "fine people," you don't get to call yourself "the least racist person you'll ever know." The manufacturer of the torches got this right. Britain is considering charging him for inciting violence - this is tribalism on racist steroids. Government-of-the-tweet-by-the-tweet has international implications. I just didn't think it would be the fuse that lights Armageddon.
Graduate education
Proto the apocalypse, the first semester was rigorous. There is nothing that quite prepares you for it - undergraduate preparation either months or decades ago. I equated it to "drinking from a fire hose" this summer, and that analogy didn't let up once. You really can't do it alone. You have to form friendships across cultures, ages and literally time zones. I downloaded the book "How to Study" to my Kindle just to have it. It is something I found invaluable when I was an undergraduate, and I found the skills are just how - once I read the analog version 25 editions ago - I take and organize notes. I think it should be a precollege course, but a few of our fellow citizens don't value education in this country. I recommended it to some that liked my class notes. Instead of Xeroxing and producing PDFs for days, I thought it better to teach trawling than feeding small multitudes with loaves and fishes.
#MeToo
This has the budding signs of a movement beyond a hash tag, which seems to be the means any movement starts now in the Social Media age. Icons of entertainment, news and government are either stepping down or getting pressured to step down. It's causing men to introspect, and think over times we've been far too aggressive on past dates. It's triggering survivors of sexual assault, whether at sixteen, adult or our past five-years-old selves (like me). For this to be a pivotal societal change, it has to go from #MeToo to #WhatNow? A generation from now should look better than the patriarchal darkness we've endured so long. Frederick Douglass said "Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and it never will.” Prior to 2008, the federal republic could only be occupied by white male "father figures" and ONLY white male father figures. Trolling in the Internet age became a thing as many expressed their bigotry (eventually, their misogyny) in the previous 140-character limit of lunacy. For those insecure with their future and envisioning dystopian annihilation, last year's election was less a repudiation by Russian interference as it was a backlash, racially and sexually. #WhyNot matriarchy? God knows testosterone has screwed the species long enough (pun intended). Emily's List is calling...
Illustration of `Oumuamua, the first-known interstellar asteroid. Its unusual shape and color offer cryptic clues about the nature of objects from other solar systems. The challenge now is to find more of these messengers from the stars. (Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser)
Topics: Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Exploration
That’s the only sensible answer whenever astronomers spot something truly weird in space. That unusual radio blip from the planet Ross 128b? Not aliens. Potential SETI signal SHGb02+14a? Not aliens. The mysterious ‘alien megastructure’ star? Probably not aliens, either. There are so many unexplored natural explanations for unusual phenomena, and so many ways to make errors, that the starting assumption has to be no, no, a thousand times no, it is not aliens.
Then astronomers observed `Oumuamua, the first known interstellar asteroid, as it raced out of the solar system. Its wildly elongated shape resembles that of a rocket stage or–even more enticingly–the interstellar ship from Arthur C. Clarke’s science-fiction novel Rendezvous with Rama. Soon sober-minded reporters (including this one) were exchanging curious messages: Could this ‘asteroid’ actually be an alien artifact? How would we know?
Deep breath. Let’s take this one step at a time. On October 19, the automated Pan-STARRS 1 telescope (which is primarily intended to scan the sky for potentially hazardous, Earth-approaching asteroids) detected an unusual object. It was originally regarded as a possible comet, catalogued as C/2017 U1. By the end of the month, though, astronomers could clearly see that it was something much more remarkable.
First, the ‘comet’ had no fuzz; it was clearly not a comet but rather a fast-moving asteroid. It got a new designation, A/2017 U1 (A for asteroid). Much more intriguing, though, was its orbit. It was moving past the sun on a hyperbolic path, a trajectory indicating that it originated from beyond our solar system. It got another new designation, introducing a naming scheme never used before: 1I/2017 U1 (I for interstellar).
The Pan-STARRS team quickly picked a more apt name for such an important object. It’s now known as `Oumuamua (pronounced ‘oh-oo-moo-ah-moo-a’), a Hawaiian word that translates roughly as ‘messenger from the distant past.’
and before the beginning...Image Source: Link below
Topics: Astrophysics, Big Bang, Cosmology, General Relativity
Although for five decades, the Big Bang theory has been the best known and most accepted explanation for the beginning and evolution of the Universe, it is hardly a consensus among scientists.
Brazilian physicist Juliano Cesar Silva Neves part of a group of researchers who dare to imagine a different origin. In a study recently published in the journal General Relativity and Gravitation, Neves suggests the elimination of a key aspect of the standard cosmological model: the need for a spacetime singularity known as the Big Bang.
In raising this possibility, Neves challenges the idea that time had a beginning and reintroduces the possibility that the current expansion was preceded by contraction. "I believe the Big Bang never happened," the physician said, who Works as a researcher at the University of Campinas's Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computation Institute (IMECC-UNICAMP) in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
For Neves, the fast spacetime expansion stage does not exclude the possibility of a prior contraction phase. Moreover, the switch from contraction to expansion may not have destroyed all traces of the preceding phase.
While I imagined the previous house as scaling upward in size, arched linear space, mosque like balance, and you could add silos for vertical wind turbines resembling minarets. I also imagined smaller more compact bundles of cargo containers. The half height container used as a girder covers a lot of space under it's length and serves as roof beam, skylight and solar power. Also employed are half quonset sides which could be replaced by a retractable pool/patio covers to open to the outside. The fun comes in: what if your cosplay and afrofuture outfits were standard attire and metaphysics the common understanding?? Does the present Paul Revere/western reserve architecture match your mind spread? I think before we get to amorphous forms we will combine standard form units into a variable architecture. Look forward to more digital artwork (trans-imaging) and more embracing of nature in a balance.
The circumstance was the visit of my son and his girl friend visiting for the holidays Christmas 2016 a brutal year in the world of music that made me do what I did . "Hey pop can I play with this ?"( I've change
her name to Ruth for this story) asks , smiling at my OUIJA board sitting all by its lonesome self on a shelf
among cds,dvds, vhs tapes(don't judge me I keep them because among the tapes I have left to view is a classic home recorded Plan 9 From Outer Space I taped off of the old WOR channel 9 ) and books. I myself have never used the board having brought the glow in the dark, hours of fun item at a thrift shop for a dollar , but after hearing way too many stories on late night radio advising against it use , being that it could be a portal for unnamed evil unknowns, in other words you think your talkin to Grand ma , but in fact its the Demon Box of Ebril your chatting with . I give in to her innocent pleading , but I warn her sounding like Peter Cushing in an old Hammer film what she may be in for trying to contact her Aunt, but Ruth being a millenial doesn't pay me no mind . A lone red candle helps us see the OUIJA board in the livingroom darkness, my son Monte I can see does what to do this but hes a trooper. We get a message from her Aunt more like a warning that who or whatever is NOT her Aunt , the planchette moves back and forth. Then I can't help it " Philippa are you here?" yell out.
Afican American classical pianst , right wing journalist,feminist in her later years along with parleying with Stokley Carmichael and devout Catholic, Philippa Schuyler was a woman of paradoxical life flows. A child prodigy with an IQ said to be 185 , the biracial daughter of George Schuyler a figure in the Harlem renaissance movement and Josephine Codgell Schuyler a member of a prominent rich Texas family, Philippa would be compared to Mozart early in her career( for a haunting rendition of Ravel's "Alborada del gracioso " it can be found on Youtube) as a composer. I first came across Ms. Schuyler"s life story while doing research on lesser known black historical figures to be included in a series of occult detective stories. I was fascinated by the contradictions in her life. A role model to the black community yet , at one point she tried to pass herself off as white using the name Monterro in the classical music world which had its biases. " Compositions in Black and White" by Kathryn Talalay(Oxford Press 1995) is a well written biograghy of Schuyler's life and the racial dynamic and conflict during the piansts life, I credit her book with helping my research. But it seems whether intended or not Schuylers occult leanings where left out. By chance while online looking for a book on dream divination , I came across a title : Kingdom of Dreams by Josephine and Philippa Duke Schuyler , (1966 Award books) and then reprinted in 1968 a year after her death and around the time of her mothers suicide.I ordered it. While this book is not mentioned in Talalay's book (another mystery is the middle maiden name Duke) she does let on that Schuyler's interested started in 1952 while on tour in Curacao, after being targeted in a kidnapping attempt she met a mysterious Herr van Kleed who introduced her to the reading of TAROT cards and a crystal ball reading , which among other visions predicted a plane crash . Kingdom of Dreams seems to me having read her style of writting in snipets was written by Philippa in the majority. A book that speaks to us in symbolic terms about dreams (as a child she would sleep for ten plus hours dreaming) and their meanings and self help, it stretches into a defense of alchemy and its heroes the immortal St. Germain, Paracelsus and Robert Fludd. Schuyler also felt a connection between Kasl Jungs theories and the alchemists work within the natural world was the key to life along with dream divination and numerology.
The unseen realm of demons vampires,leprechuans,gnomes,pidwidgeons,mermans/maids ,trolls
sucucbi, incubi etc.. included. And while she admits it is a fake Schuyler has a defensive interest in the Wheel of Pythagoras representing : God, microcosm/man and macrocosm/world. Schuyler believed that science was not infallible and that there was a "theory of analogy or the magic association of ideas" led by the signs of the zodiac. Phillippa Schuyler drowned off the coast of Vietnam in the Da nang sector when a U.S. army
helicopter she was riding in with Catholic orphans she was taking to a safer haven crashed into the
ocean in 1967. After a funeral in St. Patrick Cathedral she was cremated. My temples feel as if someone is pressing books or some thing hard on both sides, the planchtte moves under Ruth, my son Monte and I hands across the board giving Phillippa's or I hope Philippa's answer :
The Quantum Neural Network comprises a 1 km loop of optical fibre, a phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) (Courtesy: QNNcloud)
An optical system for solving combinatorial optimization problems has been made available for use online, say its creators in Japan. Called the Quantum Neural Network (QNN), the system has been developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT), Japan’s National Institute of Informatics, and the University of Tokyo.
Combinatorial optimization problems involve evaluating large numbers of possible solutions to a problem and identifying the best one. A familiar example is the "travelling salesman problem" whereby a person wishes to visit several different destinations by the shortest possible route. Such problems can be found in a wide range of human endeavour from scheduling medical procedures in a hospital to maximizing the performance of a complex system like an aircraft.
Observation/Comment: In a paraphrase to "they are laughing at us," the rest of the world seems to be lapping us, technologically.
I cant even say i was surprised at this one. Went to go see the Justice League movie and came away with the result that it was a rush job. Sorry DC fans this one sucked, they had everything to create a great rivalry with Marvel and they blew it by rushing this to the theater too quick. Aquaman came out like he was nothing Cyborg man please dont get me started on Cyborg. Each of the charachters needed their own movies as intros to the team up but nooooooooooooo! Number one Steppenwolf aka cgi master, can knock out Aquaman in the water that easy????? Man please! Underwater he is can take out superman one on one. All that work into Jason and thats how they play him like he was second rate. Oh but superman just waltzes in and whooped up on Stepchild like he was a red headed step son easily???!! Pitiful?!! What kind of crap was that? Struggling at the box office, oh yeah because everyone is pissed off at what they saw!! I want that hour plus back in my life!!!!!!!
The band structure of a bandgap-opened bilayer graphene is shown in the upper left corner, where the trigonal warping effect results in three pockets near the edge of conduction and valence bands. Infrared light illuminates bilayer graphene and creates an exciton (a bound state of an electron and an electron hole), located mostly in the top and bottom layer of carbon atoms respectively. Courtesy: Long Ju and Enrique Sahagún Alonso (Scixel)
Researchers in the US have succeeded in observing excitons in bilayer graphene for the first time using photocurrent spectroscopy and modified Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The new result could help in the development of next-generation optoelectronics instruments, such as tunable infrared detectors, light-emitting diodes and lasers for molecular spectroscopy, thermal imaging and astronomy applications.
“The excitons we observed can be tuned using an electrical field, have a high quality factor, strongly absorb light and lie in the technologically important mid-infrared to terahertz wavelength range,” explains team member and lead author of the study Long Ju, who is at Cornell University. “No other conventional semiconductor contains such excitons.”
Graphene is a sheet of carbon atoms just one atom thick arranged in a honeycomb lattice. It is a semi-metal and does not contain a bandgap in its pristine state. Bilayer graphene is different, however, in that a large and tunable bandgap can be induced in it using an applied electric field – something that cannot be done for single-layer graphene.
Researchers theorize that bilayer graphene also supports tunable excitons (electron-hole pairs) but these had never been actually observed in an experiment until now.
I live in South Korea and it's been a weird month at the DMZ/related to the DMZ.
First, there was the Louisiana guy who tried to break into North Korea. He got caught.
Then there was wild DMZ escape by the North Korean staff sergeant you've undoubtfully read about in the news. He came with ringworms/roundworms about 10 inches long and several bullet wounds.
